The Most Important Events in Human History

             The most important and pivotal events in the universally accepted human history, arranged chronologically. Each of these events still have repercussions in today’s modern world. Events related to Christianity are highlighted in bold text. Everything is connected. Read up on each of these events to see why they are of such importance to the modern world.

These are just a few of the major events. I’m sure you could probably add many more.

The use of the BC/BCE and AD/CE temporal designations are just to keep everybody happy.

ca 10,000 BC/BCE: The invention of agriculture. Obviously.

ca 3200 BC/BCE: The invention of writing. Obviously.

6^th or 5^th Century BC/BCE: The life of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha. The exact dates

of his life are disputed.

ca 4 BC/BCE – 30 AD/CE: The life of Jesus of Nazareth.

ca 49 AD/CE: At the Council of Jerusalem, the leaders of the young Church decided to

accept Gentiles into the Church without requiring them to undergo circumcision.

70 AD/CE: The Roman military destroys the Second Temple in Jerusalem.

217 AD/CE: The Jian’an Plague kills about 2,000,000 people in China.

313 Ad/CE: The Edict of Milan in which Emperor Constantine legalized Christianity.

325 AD/CE: The Council of Nicea is held in what is now Iznik, Turkiye. The council

condemned Arianism and clarified the church’s christology.

476 AD/CE: The fall of the Western Empire.

541 – 549 AD/CE: The Plague of Justinian kills up to 100,000,000 people in Europe and

West Asia.

            Ca 570 – 632 AD/CE: The Prophet Muhammad and the birth of Islam.

735 – 737 AD/CE: A smallpox epidemic kills about 2,000,000 people in Japan.

800 AD/CE: Charlemagne is crowned as Emperor, uniting church and state.

1054 AD/CE: The Great Schism between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox

Churches.

            1066 -1071 Ad/CE: The Norman Conquest of England. The strong central state

government which developed persists until this day. 

            1095 -1300 AD/CE: The Crusades. Cultural and religious resentments and hatreds caused 

by this series of wars persist until today.

1346 – 1353 AD/CE: The Black Plague (bubonic plague) kills about 25,000,000 to

30,000,000 in Eurasia and North Africa.

            1378 – 1417 AD/CE: During the Great Western Schism, the Roman Catholic Church split

into political factions over who legitimately held the office of the papacy, resulting in multiple

competing popes in Rome and Avignon, France.  

ca 1440 - 1456 AD/CE: Invention of the printing press. Printing of the Gutenberg Bible.

1492 AD/CE: Cristobal Colon (aka Christopher Columbus) discovers America.

1492 – 1614 AD/CE: The Reconquitsa, in which Muslim rulers were driven from Spain.

1517 AD/CE: The start of the Protestant Reformation.

1611 AD/CE: The production of the King James Version of the Bible.  This Bible, written in the English which was spoken at the time, made the Bible available to any English speaker who could read. 

ca 1760 – 1840 AD/CE: The industrial revolution.

1789 – 1799 AD/CE: The French Revolution.

1914 – 1918 AD/CE: World War I caused between 15,000,000 to 22,000,000 deaths.

1918 - 1920 AD/CE: The Spanish Flu pandemic kills between 17,000,000 to 50,000,000

people worldwide. Some extreme estimates say as many as 100,000,000.

1939 – 1945 AD/CE: World War II. The Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear bombs caused up

to 246,000 deaths. About 6,000,000 Jews were killed in the Holocaust. World War II caused

between 7,000,000 to 85,000,000 deaths.

            1960 to 1990 Ad/CE: The development of the internet.

2019 AD/CE: The COVID- 19 pandemic kill up to an estimated 36,000,000 people.

Religious Place Names

Lalibela, Ethiopia: This historical site is named for an Ethiopian Orthodox saint, King Gebre Mesqel Lalibela (ruled ca 1181 + 1221). The buildings are laid out to represent Jerusalem and each of the eleven churches is carved from a single rock.

Remlap, State of Alabama, United States: This community is named for a local family. Since there was already an existing community named "Palmer," the name was reversed to spell "Remlap."
The surname is of Old French ("paume" = "palm tree") by way of the Latin word "palmifer" which means a "palm bearer" or a "pilgrim." and the suffix "erius" which means "descendant of." This is in reference to a pilgrim to the Holy Lands who returned, bringing back palm branches.

Bubastis, Egypt: aka: Tell - Basta; Per-Bast; Pi-Beseth . This city is mentioned in Ezekiel 30:17 as Pi-Beseth. It was a center of worship for the feline Egyptian goddess named Bast or Bastet, Numerous mummies of cats have been found at the site.

Touba, Senegal: "Tuba" is the Arabic word for "felicity" or "bliss." This is in reference to the sweet pleasures of eternal life in the Islamic afterlife paradise. The word also refers to closeness to Allah.

Nymph, State of Alabama, United States: Nymph is an unincorporated community in Conecuh County. In classical mythology, a nymph was an animating or maintaining nature spirit who appeared as a beautiful maiden and lived in the woods and rivers.

Film Comment: Resources for the Christian in Deciding Which Films to Watch

I recently posted about the film, Megan Is Missing, the message of which I think you should know.  I was extremely hesitant to recommend that you watch the film because it is so intense and savage that it may actually cause psychological damage to the viewer.  Viewing this film would not have been an issue when I was a child because many Christians at that time kept themselves and their children intentionally ignorant outside of their churches. They used their churches as “shelters from the storm.”

Theirs was a “do not” religion.  They adamantly did not smoke, drink alcohol, dance, play cards or games, gamble, watch television, watch movies, read works of fiction, or any other of a long list of things.  There was also a very strong streak of anti-intellectualism.

Many Spirit-led Christians today, myself included, still reject many of the same activities as before but with a different understanding.  From a spirit of Christian freedom, they reject some things because they do not advance the cause of the Kingdom.  They pursue some other formerly rejected activities but always from a Christian worldview.  All activities are viewed through Christian glasses.

In order to have influence on the world, Christians need to be aware of the world. Paul quoted from pagan poets to make some of his doctrinal points. While showing a strong knowledge of the surrounding culture, Paul did not in any way endorse their worldview.  He used their words to advance his arguments. Paul’s attitude can be applied to Christian study in any discipline. We need Christians who have expert knowledge about Islam and other religions. We need Christians who have expert knowledge about ancient languages. We need Christians who have expert knowledge about world politics. We need Christians who have expert knowledge about child pornography and human sexual trafficking. We need Christians who have expert knowledge about modern Western popular culture. We need Christians who have expert knowledge about science and medicine. We need to be able to show the world that we are at the very least their intellectual equals, without any compromise.  We need to be able to show the world the treasure of the Gospel.

This is the attitude from which I do these film comments. Non-Christians have no understanding of the Truth but this does not mean that they have no insights. This does not mean that they have no virtue. This does not mean that they cannot produce anything beautiful. This also does not mean that we should ever compromise the Truth.

  

Below is a short list of Christian websites devoted to presenting a Christian  understanding of films and movies. These sites have several things in common. Most discuss films as a sort of pre-screening for the viewer and especially for viewers with children. Many discuss both the negative and the positive points of the films. Some of the sites rate films based on the presence or absence of God or religion, violence, sex, nudity, bad language, objectionable philosophies or worldviews, extreme political content, hidden messages, or for their suitability for viewing by children. The aim is to aid Christians in discernment about films they may watch.

Inclusion of a site in this list does not mean that I necessarily endorse all statements made on that site. Some of these sites produce screen pop-ups.

http://christiananswers.net/spotlight/

http://www.Movieguide.org/

http://www.crosswalk.com/culture/movies/

http://www.dove.org/

http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/movies/

http://www.christiancinema.com/catalog/articles.php

http://www.kids-in-mind.com

http://vidangel.com/watch

http://AmericanCatholic.org/movies/

http://cbn.com/entertainment/Screen/

If a particular film becomes controversial within your church, it might be wise to choose a group of mature Christians to view the film and to give their suggestions and comments to the church.

Tell Someone About This Blog

This blog is receiving between 2,000 and 5,000 discrete visits per month.  Why not 5,000 to 10,000?  Tell your friends, relatives, and fellow church members about the blog.  Mention the blog in one of your tweets, on your personal blog, or on your Facebook page.

This is primarily a ministry to Christians but it also is read by persons who are not Christian.  There have been visits originating from occultic and pornographic sites.  Some readers have been followers of non-Christian religions such as Judaism and Islam.

This blog will never intentionally insult anyone but it also will never back away from telling the Truth.  The Good News is for everyone and if only one person comes to Christ because of this blog, the angels will rejoice. (Luke 15:1-10)

Can You Respond to These Criticisms?

Christian Apologetics is the study of defending the faith against intellectual attacks and explaining biblical truths and concepts to non-believers in ways which they can understand.  It also attempts to give believers a rational footing on which to base their faith.  Some of the attacks are quite harsh.  See how you would respond to these ten criticisms … if you can.  If you cannot, don’t expect that our critics will be swayed by “because the Bible says so.”

http://con-w.com/top-ten-signs-youre-a-fundamentalist-christian/

Iranian Pastor Freed

Youcef Nagarkhani (b. 1977, Iran), a pastor of the Protestant evangelical Church of Iran, was released three days ago after spending the last three years in an Iranian prison under the threat of a death sentence.  What was his crime?  Pastor Nadarkhani was originally charged with the capital crime of apostasy; leaving Islam to follow another religion.  The punishment in Iran for apostasy is death.  Though apostasy is not officially a crime in Iran, judges may still level the charge against a person based on religious fatwas.  Nadarkani insisted that he was never a Muslim; even though he was raised in a Muslim family, he never accepted Islam and, instead, became a Christian as a teenager.  He steadfastly refused to convert to Islam.

Youcef Ndarkhani's wife, Fatemah Pasandideh, was also arrested and charged with apostasy.  She received a sentence of life imprisonment but was released after four months.

International criticism of the charges against Pastor Nadarkani was raised loudly from around the world.
United States president barack Obama said, "The United States condemns the conviction of Pastor Youcef Nadarkhani.  Pastor Nadarkhani has done nothing more than maintain his devout faith, which is a universal right for all people."  The British Foreign Secretary, William Hague, also condemned the sentence.

During the three years of his imprisonment, the charges continued to change and eventually included charges of rape, extortion, and baptizing converts.  The charges, in the end, became that Nadarkhani had attempted to evangelize Muslims.  The penalty for this crime was set at three years and the pastor was released for the time he had already served in prison.

Christians around the world are rejoicing that their prayers for Youcef Nadarkhani's safe release have been answered.  Pastor Nadarkhani is to be admired for his absolute refusal to betray his faith.

Christians

At some time during their lives, the following people have publicly identified themselves as Christian.   Inclusion in this list does not indicate approval or disapproval of the person, of their orthodoxy or lack of it, or of their actions.  Readers are encouraged to suggest persons who should be included on this list.  This is a recurring segment in this blog.

Alexander Britton Hume: (b. 1943, Washington, D.C. (USA); aka: Brit Hume) Television journalist, political commentator. Episcopalian.

Nagesh: (b. 1933, India – d. 2009;aka: Nageswaran  C. Krishna Gundu Rao), a Tamil film actor and comedian who appeared in over 1000 films.  He was called “the Jerry Lewis of India.”  He was shunned by his family for his conversion.

Regina Rao: Wife of “Nagesh” (Nageswaran  C. Krishna Gundu Rao), a Tamil film actor and comedian who appeared in over 1000 films

Samuel Fosu-Mensah: Muslim convert to Christianity. University professor, Christian missionary. He prepared a verse by verse Christian commentary on the Quran.

Pocahontas: (b. ca 1595, Virginia (USA) – d. 1617, England; aka: Matoaka, Matoika, Matoax, Amonute, Rebecca Rolfe)  “Pocahontas” (“little wanton” in the Powhatan language) was the childhood nickname of Matoaka, the daughter of Wahunsunacawh (ca 1545- ca 1618), a Powhatan chief.  The Pocahontas legend is that at the age of ten she saved the life of John Smith who was about to be executed by her father.  As an adult, Pocahontas took the name of Rebecca and married John Rolfe.  Her descendents include Edith Wilson (wife of US President Woodrow Wilson), Admiral Richard Byrd, State of Virginia Governor Harry Byrd, First Lady Nancy Reagan, actor Glenn Strane, and the Randolph family of Virginia.  

Jews Who Claimed to Be the Messiah

Over the last two thousand years there have been at least thirty-eight Jewish men, and one Jewish woman, who have claimed to be the promised Messiah.  Christians, of course, regard Jesus of Nazareth as the Holy One.

Jesus of Nazareth is believed by Christians to have been the Jewish Messiah.

The best-known Messiah claimant is Simon bar Kokhba, seen below: the others are:

The first recorded self-proclaimed Messiah was Simon of Peraea (fl. 4 BC/BCE), a former slave of Herod the Great.   Simon was followed by Athronges (fl. 4-2BC/BCE).  Both Simon and Athronges led rebellions which were put down by the Romans and both messiahs were killed.

Judas of Galilee (6AD/CE)

Menahem of Judah, a grandson of Judah of Galilee.

Theudas (d.46)

Vespasian (ca. 70)

John of Gischala, (after 70)

Simon bar Kokhba (d ca 135). Simon’s rebellion ended with the Romans destroying the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem.

Luluas (115)

Moses of Crete (5^th century)

(Name unknown) in Khusistan  (7^th century)

Ishak ben Ya’kub Obadiah Abu ‘Isa al-Isfahani of Ispahan (8^th century)

Yudghan (8^th century, in Persia)

(Name unknown), in France, (ca. 1087)

(Name unknown), in Cordoba, Spain, (ca. 1117)

Moses al-Dari  in Morocco (1127)David Alroy, from Kurdistan, led a revolt in Persia in 1160.

The Yemenite Messiah (12^th century)

Abraham ben Samuel Abulafia (b. 1240-d. after 1291)

Nissim ben Abraham (fl. In Avila, Spain (ca. 1295)

Moses Botarel of Cisneros, fl ca. 1413.

Asher Lammlein, fl. 1502 near Venice.

Isaac Luria (1534-1572) in Palestine.

Hayyim Vital (1543-1620) in Palestine.

David Reubeni (1490-1541?)

Solomon Molcho (1500-1532)

Sabbatai Zevi (1626-1676) An Ottoman Jew who converted to Islam.  Many of his followers declared themselves to be the Messiah.

Barukhia Russo

Mordecai Mokia (1650-1729)

Jacob Querido (d. 1690)  Converted to Islam.

Miguel Cardoso (1630-1706)

Lobele Prossnitz (d. 1750)

Jacob Joseph Frank (1726-1791)  A convert to Christianity.

Eve Frank (1754 – ca 1817)

Shukr Kushayl I, in Yemen (19^th century)

Judah ben Shalom (Shukr Kuhayl II) in Yemen (19^th century)

Moses Guibbory (1899-1985)

Menachem Mendel Schneerson (1902-1994)

A Descendant of Peter the Apostle?

Twelver Shiahs, who comprise about eighty-five percent of all Shiah Muslims, believe that Bibi Narjis Khatun, a female descendant in her maternal line of Jesus’ disciple, Saint Peter, became the wife of the 11^th Imam Hasan al-Askari.  A son of this marriage, Muhammad al-Mahdi, became the 12th and final Imam.  (Other traditions say that Narjis was a Byzantine slave or a black African slave.  She may have been of Persian and/or Roman descent.  If descended from Peter, she was, by Jewish tradition, Jewish.)

There probably is no way to prove historically that Narjis was a descendant of Peter.  Since Peter probably had children, it is, at least, possible.

Clearly, Peter and the other disciples of Jesus were married, as would be entirely normal for Jewish men of the biblical period.  The Bible plainly says that Peter was married. (Matthew 8:14, Mark 1:29-31, Luke 4:38-39, and 1 Corinthians 9:5)  Clement of Alexandria (Stromata, III, vi, ed, Dindorf, II, 276) said that Peter had children as did Philip, and probably Paul.

Ignatius of Antioch, in The Epistle of Ignatius to the Philadelphians, chapter 4, verse 30, said  “… of Peter, and Paul, and the rest of the apostles, that were married men. “  Ignatius, the Bishop of Antioch, was in a position to know this because he was trained as a student by the Apostle John.

Threats to Iranian Christians

An excerpt from the Religion News Blog :

“Militants with suspected ties to Iranian security forces have threatened to kill nearly a dozen evangelical Christians who fled Iran unless they “repent” and return to Islam.

At least 11 Iranian Christians received electronic mail messages from ‘The Unknown Soldiers Of The Hidden Imam’ calling on them to either repent or face extra-judicial execution.”

The Hidden Imam“, also known as the 12th Imam, is a Messiah-figure in Shia Twelver theology and is viewed as the Great Allah.

The Current State of Christianity in the Persian Gulf Countries

This blog has readers from eighty-seven countries including several located in the Persian Gulf area.  The article here discusses the current state of Christianity in these nations.

"Paradoxes of our time. It is at least three decades that the land which gave birth to Islam and the Prophet is top on the chart of the areas in the world where Christianity is at its maximum increase. However, it is not an increase due to conversions. In these lands the possibility to embrace the Christian faith still continues to be illegal. The increase finds its origins in a massive migration flow which concerns all the countries of the Gulf." Giuseppe Caffulli, Director of Reviews and the Website of the Custody of the Holy Land, from a 2010 article from the Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore.

Chick Publications

Jack Thomas Chick (b. 1924, California, USA) is the most published comic book artist/author in history, with over 750,000,000 of his Christian evangelistic tracts, comic books, videos, and posters having been produced and distributed worldwide.  The works have been translated into over one hundred languages and are included in exhibits at the Smithsonian Institution.

Jack Chick's works are quite controversial.  He is hailed by some as a soul-winner, a genius at evangelistic outreach, and denounced by others as a homophobe, Islamophobe,  and a religious bigot because of his fundamentalist Christian beliefs.  Check out the website of Chick Publications and make up your own mind.

He burned a Quran and twelve died.

In response to plans to build a mosque two blocks from the site of the 11 September 2001 terrorist attack on New York City, Pastor Terry Jones of the Dove World Outreach Center in Gainesville, Florida, set off an international incident when he declared "International Burn a Koran Day" for September 11, 2011.  He planned to burn multiple copies of the Quran.  Christian church leaders quickly called on him not to do this, followed by calls from political leaders from around the world.  Jones said he might not burn the Qurans if U.S. President called him.

After traveling to New York and speaking with President Obama, Jones said "there's no longer a need to actually set fire to anything."  He declared that his church would not burn the books, "Not today, not ever."

On 20 March 2011, Jones and another pastor put the Quran on trial (International Judge the Quran Day) and burned it in front of thirty people in Gainesville.  He denied breaking his earlier pledge, saying the the pledge was about International Burn a Koran Day.

On 1 April 2011, Islamic protesters in Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan attacked a United nations office. Three foreign United Nations workers, five Nepalese United Nations guards, and four of the protesters died.  Two of those killed were beheaded.  Eight-one other persons were injured in the attack.

The Quran burning was also cited as the cause of an attack at a Catholic Church in Pakistan in March, 2011.

A Pakistani Islamic court has declared a fatwa against Pastor Jones, offering $2,200,000 for his head for desecrating the Quran.

Many are blaming Pastor Jones for the violence, injuries, and deaths and he bears a large part of the blame.  The response to his action seems irrational and disproportionate to many.   U.S. President Barack OBama responded to the incident:

"The desecration of any holy text, including the Koran, is an act of extreme intolerance and bigotry.  However, to attack and kill innocent people in response is outrageous, and an affront to human decency and dignity. No religion tolerates the slaughter and beheading of innocent people, and there is no justification for such a dishonorable and deplorable act.”

The entire incident could have been avoided if Pastor Jones had iust read and obeyed Romans 12:18.

"If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men."

Evangelism In France

France is a largely secular country but has a long and prominent place in the history of Christianity.  Roman Catholicism and Protestantism have both declined to shadows of their former selves. At the moment, the fastest growing religion in France is Islam. The European Christian Mission (ECM) aims to change this.

As the ECM website states, "God has not abandoned France."  In the last thirty-five years, over one thousand new evangelical churches have been planted, bringing the total to approximately twenty four hundred.  Many rural areas still have no evangelical church.

ECM has six missionary teams in France, mainly in the Loire Valley, Paris, and Marseilles.

Religious Groupings in the United States

In his book, Christians Are Hate-Filled Hypocrites ..., Dr. Bradley Wright used Steensland *, et al's (2000) RELTRAD classification system, which identifies seven groupings to describe the religious bodies in the United States.   The designations "include, but are not limited to" the religious bodies/persuasions listed below.

Evangelical Protestants: the Southern Baptist Convention; some Independent Baptists; many non-denominational Protestant churches; the Lutheran Church; Missouri Synod; the Presbyterian Church in America; the Assemblies of God; the Church of Christ; the Church of the Nazarene; the Free Methodist Church; and the Seventh-day Adventist Church.  They tend to be theologically and socially conservative.

Mainline Protestants: the American Baptist Church in the USA; the United Methodist Church; the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America; the Presbyterian Church, USA; the Episcopal Church in the USA; and the United Church of Christ.  They tend to be theologically and socially liberal or "progressive".

Black Protestants: the National Baptist Convention; the African Methodist Episcopal Church; the Church of God in Christ.  All of these denominations are primarily, but not exclusively, African-American.  They tend to be conservative in theology but more liberal in social views.

Catholics: Roman Catholics.  Although the Orthodox would probably object to being listed with the Catholics, I believe that they would be included in this group in this classification system.

Jewish: Separated into Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform traditions.  The Orthodox represent historic Judaism, the Reform are more liberal and modern, and the Conservatives are in the middle.

Other Religions: Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, Mormonism, Jehovah's Witnesses, Christian Science, Oneness Pentecostals, and Unitarian-Universalism.  Some of these groups self identify as Christian but are rejected as heterodox by other Christians.

Religiously Unaffiliated: Atheists, Agnostics, and "Don't Cares."



* Steensland, Brian, et.al., "the Measure of American Religion: Toward Improving the State of the Art," Social Forces, 79(1), 2000, pp. 291-318.

Numbers of Adherents of the World's Religions

These are very approximate estimates of the numbers of followers of several of the world's religions and/or philosophies.

Christianity                        2,100,000,000
Islam                                  1,500,000,000
Secular/Agnostic/Atheist   1,100,000,000
Hinduism                              900,000,000
Chinese traditional                394,000,000
Buddhism                             376,000,000
Traditional African               100,000,000
Sikhism                                  23,000,000
Juche                                      19,000,000
Spiritism                                 15,000,000
Judaism                                  14,000,000
Baha'i                                      7,000,000
Jainism                                    4,200,000
Shinto                                     4,000,000
Cao Dai                                  4,000,000
Zoroastrainism                        2,600,000
Tenrikyo                                 2,000,000
Neo-Paganism                        1,000,000
Unitarianism-Universalism        800,000
Rastafarianism                           600,000
Scientology                                500,000

Martyrs in Baghdad

On 31 October 2010, members of al-Qaeda in Iraq ran into the Church of our Lady of Salvation in Baghdad taking the worshippers hostage.  Armed with assault rifles, hand grenades, and suicide vests, the attackers said their action was in retaliation for the “treatment of Muslim women in Egypt” where they claimed that Muslim women were being held captive in Coptic churches,  The terrorists called the Syro-Catholic/Chaldean church a “filthy den of polytheism” and styled themselves “lions of montheism.”  Christian and Muslim leaders have condemned the attack as barbaric.

During a rescue attempt by Iraqi forces, a severe gun battle erupted in which fifty-eight people were killed (including two priests and ten policemen) and 75 were wounded.  Five of the terrorists were captured.

On 9 November 2010, the church held it's first service after the attack.   There were no pews so everyone stood around the hundreds of candles which had been placed to form a large cross.  The service was led by Father Mukhlas Habash with bullet holes, bomb burns, and blood spatters still on the walls.

I believe that the walls should never be cleaned or repaired.  This is the blood of martyrs. 

Ismailis in Najran, Saudi Arabia Honor Their History

Najran is a booming city in Saudi Arabia.  From a population of only 47,500 in 1974, it has erupted to an official population of 246,880 in the 2004 census (some believe the actual count may be 500,000).  Most of the inhabitants are of the Banu Yam tribe and are Ismaili Shiites.  This means that they accept Ismail ibn Jafar ( the Ismailis) as the successor to Imam Jafar as-Sadiq, rather than Ismail's brother, Musa al-Kazim (the Twelvers).  The Ismailis are more metaphysical and mystical than the Twelvers.

About 524 AD/CE, the Jewish king of Himyar (South Arabia), Yusuf As'ar Dhu Nuwas (aka Yusuf As'ar Yathar) invaded the area and demanded that the Christian inhabitants become Jews.  When they refused, as many as 20,000 were martyred by being thrown into fiery ditches and burned to death.  Charred bones have been found during excavations of what locals call "al ukhdood," "the trenches."

The modern Ismailis of Najran are outsiders, considered to be heretics by Sunni Muslims.  They consider the Christian martyrs to have been heroes and one modern Najrani clearly stated how they feel. "This story means so much to us.  Our life and our struggle today comes from those martyrs who gave their lives for their beliefs."

Roll Tide in Jerusalem

Here in Birmingham we are often accused of making Alabama and Auburn football into a religion.  It's probably true. We love our football.  You rarely go a day without seeing someone wearing a sweatshirt from one of the two teams (and from other Southeastern Conference schools and numerous other less well known smaller colleges and universities). You'll often see a car with Alabama or Auburn insignia on the side panels or with school flags flapping in the wind.  My favorite is a tiger tail hanging out of a car trunk, as if someone has abducted Aubie, the mascot of Auburn University.

Ashley Makar is a divinity student at Yale University and a Birmingham native.  She is of Egyptian ancestry.  Her father is a cardiologist in Birmingham.  Recently, in Jerusalem, she ran upon a startling sight, the Alabama the Heart of Dixie souvenir shop.  Of course, she had to check this out.

The owner of the shop is Hani Imam, who lived in Tuscaloosa, Alabama from 1984 to 1994.  At the shop he has Alabama items and decorations but sells Christian, Muslim, and Jewish Holy Land items to religious tourists.  Imam watches Alabama football games on his satellite television and is hoping for them to repeat as national champions.

As Makar left the shop, the Muslim manager, Dia Abdeen, smiled and said, "Roll Tide!"

Makar, Ashley, "Viewpoints: There's a Heart of Dixie and a Roll Tide in Jerusalem," al.com.  http://blog.al.com/birmingham-news-commentary/2010/09/viewpoints_theres_a_heart_of_d.html

Prophecies About Muhammad in the Bible?

Islamic scholars say that the following verses are biblical prophecies about Muhammad.
Deuteronomy 18:18, 33:1-2.
Song of Solomon 5:16
John 1:19-25
Matthew 21:42-44

The "prophecies" are tenuous at best (I would say non-existent) but the Hebrew word "mahamaddim" occurs in the Song of Solomon quotation. Read a Muslim's comments on "mahamaddim" at http://www.angelfire.com/realm2/truth/david_mohamadi_prophecy.htm. David Mohammadi and Brian Lucero carry on a long mutually respectful conversation.