Heresies

The word "heresy" has a broader origin than its modern, more restrictive, usage.  The word is derived from the Greek word "αἵρεσις, from the verb, αἵρεω" and, in English, means "to choose."


In the Bible, the word is used in two ways.


1. For a sect or faction which in some way may or may not depart from orthodox doctrine.  In this sense it was used in reference to the Sadducees (Acts 5:17), the Pharisees (Acts 26:5), and the Nazarenes (Acts 24:5).


2. A doctrine or group considered to be definitely outside of correct doctrine.  The Jews considered Christianity to be a heresy.  In the third quotation below, Peter uses the word in the modern sense.

“But this I confess unto thee, that after the way which they call heresy (αἵρεσιν), so worship I the God of my fathers, believing all things which are written in the law and in the prophets:” Acts 24:14

“But we desire to hear of thee what thou thinkest: for as concerning this sect (αἱρέσεως), we know that every where it is spoken against.”  Acts 28:22

“But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies (αἱρέσεις), even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction.”  2 Peter 2:1 


A new feature on this blog will define heresies which have been identified over the years within the Christian community.  Not all may seem like heresies to the reader and some may not actually be heterodox.  Many are very subtle but vary enough from orthodox doctrine to be at least "troubling."

Some are very reluctant to label anyone as a heretic.  Others have no problem at all.  How aberrant must a doctrine be before it can no longer be called Christian?  Can a person holding an aberrant belief be saved?  What about beliefs once held to be aberrant but now accepted as orthodox?

Some doctrinal points, such as the deity of Christ, are non-negotiable for Christians.  Others, we may have to wait until we can ask Jesus face-to-face.

Messianic Prophecies from the Bible: He Will Be from Nazareth

"And he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets, He shall be called a Nazarene." Matthew 2:23

This Messianic prophecy has no direct counterpart in the Old Testament (TANAKH) and has led some to say it reflects an error in Matthew and others to say that it is a reflection from a lost Jewish scripture. Probably, neither one of these views is correct.

The ancient Jews were zealous, even fierce, protectors of their holy books, and especially the Torah. Hand copies of the books were checked letter by letter for exactness. If any book failed to have the correct word total and letter total, it was discarded. If any one letter was not in the correct sequence, the entire book was discarded. There were no erasers and any corrections or smudges of the letters rendered the books unusable. Because the unusable books were still revered scripture, they were not destroyed, but were placed into sealed chambers (genizah: Hebrew for "hiding place") along with torn or soiled copies and books worn out by constant use. Needless to say, archeologists and biblical scholars jump with joy when one of these chambers is newly discovered.

Back to Matthew 2:23. Instead of a specific “proof text” Old Testament quotation, this verse probably connects the fact that the Nazarenes were held in contempt as unsophisticated country hicks (John 1:46; John 7:52) with the prophecies that the Messiah would be held in contempt (Psalm 22:6-8, 69:9-11, 19-21; Isaiah 53:2-4, 7-9).

This allusion would have been immediately obvious to Matthew’s Jewish readers, even the illiterate ones who had heard the scriptures read thousands of times. It is us modern readers, who don’t really know our Bibles, who have to dig it out. Dinesh D'Souza had it right when he said, "...we live in a religiously illiterate society..."

A Proper Name

Many of the familiar names you know for Native American tribes are not names they have chosen for themselves. Often they were named by other tribes, not all of whom were their friends.

The Sioux actually have three major divisions named the Isanyathi, aka: the Santee ("knife"); the Ihankthunwan, aka: Yankton ("village at the end"), and the Thithunwan, aka: Teton or Lakota ("dwellers on the prairie"). The Sioux name probably comes from Nadouessiouak, an Odawa/Ottawa word meaning "small rattlesnake," not intended as a compliment.

The name of the Nez Perce tribe is French for "pierced nose", while the tribe refers to itself as Nimiipuu ("the real people"). The Nez Perce did not pierce their noses but another tribe, which did, lived nearby.

The Cherokee call themselves the Tsalagi or Aniyvwiyai ("principal people"). The name by which they are best known is possibly from the Choctaw cha-la-kee ("those who live in the mountains"). Another possible Choctaw origin for the name means "those who live in caves."

The traditional explanation of the Iroquois name is from the derogatory Wyandot word "irinakhoiw" meaning "real adders." The Iroquois name for the tribe is Haudenosaunee, meaning "they are building a long house."

The earliest Christians called themselves "the sect of the Nazarenes" (Acts 24:5) and "those of the way" (Acts 9:2). The name "Christians" (Xριστιανουσ) was a derogatory term applied by outsiders and later proudly adopted by believers. The Latin suffix "ianos" implied that one was a slave of the one to whose name it was affixed.

"And when he had found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch." Acts 11:26